Conférence HPT2M: Le numérique à l’ère de l’Internet des objets : de l’hypertexte à l’hyper-objet

Le programme des présentations de la 13ème édition de la conférence h2ptm (qui se tiendra le 14, 15 et 16 octobre 2015 à l’Université de Paris 8), est disponible à l’adresse :

http://h2ptm.univ-paris8.fr/programmeH2PMT2015_v4.pdf

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AAC : L’analyse de sites web est-elle toujours pertinente?

Appel à communication, Journées d’étude organisées par le LERASS (équipe CPST) les 16, 17, et 18 décembre à l’université Toulouse Jean-Jaurès.

Dès les début du web, les sciences humaines et sociales se sont intéressées au phénomène. Il apparait toutefois que les méthodes d’analyse des sites ont mis quelques temps à apparaître; outre la difficulté inhérente à la nouveauté du medium, la dimension concurrentielle de telles méthodes a certainement freiné leur apparition sur la scène académique. Bien qu’une myriade de publications analysant un site ou un petit nombre de sites particuliers existent dans la littérature, nous avons repéré seulement quatre ouvrages expressément consacrés à la question : Penser le webdesign. Modèles sémiotiques pour les projets multimédias (L’Harmattan, 2004), de Nicole Pignier et Benoit Drouillat, Les sites Web. Conception, description et évaluation (Hermès Lavoisier, 2005), de Peter Stockinger, L’analyse des sites internet. Une radiographie du cyberespace (INA/DeBoeck, 2009), de Sébastien Rouquette, et  le Manuel d’analyse du web en sciences humaines et sociales (Armand Colin, 2013), dirigé par Christine Barats.

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A prehistory of the Cloud (Tung-Hui Hu)

9780262029513We may imagine the digital cloud as placeless, mute, ethereal, and unmediated. Yet the reality of the cloud is embodied in thousands of massive data centers, any one of which can use as much electricity as a midsized town. Even all these data centers are only one small part of the cloud. Behind that cloud-shaped icon on our screens is a whole universe of technologies and cultural norms, all working to keep us from noticing their existence. In this book, Tung-Hui Hu examines the gap between the real and the virtual in our understanding of the cloud.

Hu shows that the cloud grew out of such older networks as railroad tracks, sewer lines, and television circuits. He describes key moments in the prehistory of the cloud, from the game “Spacewar” as exemplar of time-sharing computers to Cold War bunkers that were later reused as data centers. Countering the popular perception of a new “cloudlike” political power that is dispersed and immaterial, Hu argues that the cloud grafts digital technologies onto older ways of exerting power over a population. But because we invest the cloud with cultural fantasies about security and participation, we fail to recognize its militarized origins and ideology. Moving between the materiality of the technology itself and its cultural rhetoric, Hu’s account offers a set of new tools for rethinking the contemporary digital environment.

Plus d’informations sur le site The MIT Press

Between Surveillance and Security

Denardis, L., ” The Internet Design Tension between Surveillance and Security”, Annals of the History of Computing, IEEE  (Volume:37 ,  Issue: 2 ), juin 2015, pp. 72-83.

The design tension between security and surveillance has existed for decades. This article specifically examines the protocol design tension between national security interests in surveillance versus network security in the early decades of the Internet and its predecessor networks. Using archivUnknownal research and protocol-specific case studies, this article describes episodes in which the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) assessed whether to build wiretapping capability into protocols, made specific engineering decisions regarding security and surveillance, and entered broader global debates about encryption strength and government policies to institute cryptographic controls that facilitate surveillance. This study reveals that, even as protocol design has continuously evolved and adapted to changing political, socioeconomic, and technological contexts, the Internet engineering community has consistently staked out a consensus position pushing back against technologically based indiscriminate government surveillance.