Le travail invisible des données

Le travail invisible des données. Éléments pour une sociologie des infrastructures scripturales, par Jérôme Denis

Ouvertes, massives, brutes… les données sont aujourd’hui au cœur de nombreux débats. Les optimistes y voient une ressource naturelle dont la récolte et la circulation sont en passe de révolutionner l’innovation et la démocratie, tandis que les pessimistes les dépeignent comme le carburant de mécanismes qui ne profiteront qu’aux puissants et renforceront les inégalités. Face aux enthousiasmes et aux affolements, face au vocabulaire de la transparence, de la fluidité et de l’automatisation qu’ils mobilisent, ce livre fait un pas de côté et défend la nécessité d’étudier les modalités concrètes de la production et de la circulation des données. Les données ne tombent en effet jamais du ciel. Elles n’affleurent pas non plus sous le sol des organisations. En amont de leurs traitements si prometteurs ou inquiétants, elles font l’objet d’un travail dont la nature, l’organisation et les processus mêmes qui mènent à son invisibilité restent à explorer. En articulant les apports de la sociologie des sciences et des techniques, de l’histoire, de l’anthropologie de l’écriture, de la sociologie du travail et des accounting studies, l’ouvrage compose un outillage conceptuel et méthodologique original pour interroger au plus près ce travail des données, qui est devenu central dans les entreprises et les administrations à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle.

2018, Presses des mines  (actuellement disponible sur le site des presses, en librairie à partir du 5 avril 2018)

Temps et temporalités du Web

Après le colloque de décembre 2015 TTOW… le livre regroupe une partie des contributions présentées lors de ces journées …

Qu’est-ce qu’un forum Internet ?

Une généalogie historique au prisme des cultures savantes numériques

Camille Paloque-Bergès

OpenEdition Press, 2018

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Sommaire

Media Convergence and Deconvergence

de PEIL Corinna, SPARVIERO Sergio, BALBI Gabriele (Springer International Publishing AG, 2017).

This edited volume explores different meanings of media convergence and deconvergence, and reconsiders them in critical and innovative ways. Its parts provide together a broad picture of opposing trends and tensions in media convergence, by underlining the relevance of this powerful idea and emphasizing the misconceptions that it has generated. Sergio Sparviero, Corinna Peil, Gabriele Balbi and the other authors look into practices and realities of users in convergent media environments, ambiguities in the production and distribution of content, changes to the organization of media industries, the re-configuration of media markets, and the influence of policy and regulations. Primarily addressed to scholars and students in different fields of media and communication studies, Media Convergence and Deconvergence deconstructs taken-for-granted concepts and provides alternative and fresh analyses on one of the most popular topics in contemporary media culture.

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Digital Countercultures and the Struggle for Community

By Jessa Lingel (parution aux MIT Press en avril 2017)
Résumé Whether by accidental keystroke or deliberate tinkering, technology is often used in ways that are unintended and unimagined by its designers and inventors. In this book, Jessa Lingel offers an account of digital technology use that looks beyond Silicon Valley and college dropouts-turned-entrepreneurs. Instead, Lingel tells stories from the margins of countercultural communities that have made the Internet meet their needs, subverting established norms of how digital technologies should be used.

Lingel presents three case studies that contrast the imagined uses of the web to its lived and often messy practicalities. She examines a social media platform (developed long before Facebook) for body modification enthusiasts, with early web experiments in blogging, community, wikis, online dating, and podcasts; a network of communication technologies (both analog and digital) developed by a local community of punk rockers to manage information about underground shows; and the use of Facebook and Instagram for both promotional and community purposes by Brooklyn drag queens. Drawing on years of fieldwork, Lingel explores issues of alterity and community, inclusivity and exclusivity, secrecy and surveillance, and anonymity and self-promotion.

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Le Web, lieux de contre-mémoire?

Avec un nouveau parcours guidé dans les archives de la BnF réalisé par Sophie Gobeil à découvrir !

Gaps and bumps in the political history of the internet

Tréguer, F. (2017). “Gaps and bumps in the political history of the internet”. Internet Policy Review, 6(4). DOI: 10.14763/2017.4.714

ABSTRACT

In the past years, there has been a growing scholarly attention given to “digital rights contention”, that is political conflicts related to the expansion or restriction of civil and political rights exerted through, or affected by, digital communications technologies. Yet, when we turn to history to inform contemporary debates and mobilisations, what we often find are single-sided narratives that have achieved iconic status, studies focusing on a handful of over-quoted contentious episodes and generally over-representing North America, or scattered accounts that have so far escaped the notice of internet researchers. How can we explain these gaps in internet histories? How can we go about overcoming them to build a more fine-grained understanding of past socio-legal struggles around human rights in the context of media and communications? This essay calls for advancing the political history of the internet in order to empower scholars, activists and citizens alike as they address current (and future) controversies around internet politics.

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Making IT Work

Making IT Work

A History of the Computer Services Industry
(…) Yost describes the emergence of companies that offered consulting services, data processing, programming, and systems integration. He examines the development of industry-defining trade associations; facilities management and the firm that invented it, Ross Perot’s EDS; time sharing, a precursor of the cloud; IBM’s early computer services; and independent contractor brokerages. Finally, he explores developments since the 1980s: the transformations of IBM and Hewlett Packard; the offshoring of enterprises and labor; major Indian IT service providers and the changing geographical deployment of U.S.-based companies; and the paradigm-changing phenomenon of cloud service.